Near East, Holyland, Byzantine Period, ca. 9th to 12th century CE. A beautiful bronze and leaded bronze processional Latin crucifix finial with silver gilt trim and incised motifs along the peripheries. The flared arms are adorned with pairs of spherical and ribbed adornments projecting from the corners to ornament and protect the seams of the silver border. A repeating motif of incised circles and dots embellishes the 65% silver edges on the forward face- outlining the arms and central circle. The lower arm is surmounted on a thick panel or tang handle for hafting to a pole when carrying in a procession or to display on an altar as a sacred devotional piece. Size: 11.25" W x 20.3" H (28.6 cm x 51.6 cm); 22.25" H (56.5 cm) on included custom stand; silver quality: 65%.
The Byzantine Empire was established in the 4th century CE when the Emperor Constantine, also known as Saint Constantine, Christianized the Roman Empire and pronounced the city of Constantinople in Byzantium as the capital. The visual culture of this era demonstrates a synthesis of classical Greek, Roman, and Christian influences. Ornate crucifixes were used for processions of military and imperial display, as well as liturgical, and mounted within the church before the altar. The cross would have been familiar to all citizens, a universal and omnipresent symbol of the pious, Christian culture.
For a similar example please see the British Museum's website, object number: 1998,1105.20.
A very similar example with more ornate brass appliques hammered for GBP 18,500 ($24,147.18) at Christie's, London "Icons and Artefacts from the Orthodox World" Auction (sale 7542, November 26, 2007, lot 45)
Provenance: private East Coast collection, New York, New York, USA, acquired before 2010
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#170776
Condition
Professionally repaired and restored. Tang panel is reattached to lower arm with adhesive. Loss to tip and tearing / flaking to panel peripheries. Six of the spherical finials a are reattached with adhesive and new welding to upper arm tips. Losses to silver gilt and repairs using tin to approximately 50% of silver areas. Professionally cleaned, and lovely green and russet patina throughout.