East Asia, China, Tang Dynasty, T'ien Lung Shan type, ca. 8th century CE. An elegant and attractive sculpture, of a sizable form carved from pale-grey sandstone, depicting the Buddha seated in a lotus pose atop a wide, multi-petaled lotus flower base with a hollow center core along the underside. He wears a flowing robe with finely-delineated pleats, holds his one remaining arm and hand atop his knee, and sits with a rigid, upright posture. A small perforation atop the neck is where the separately-carved head would have been inserted, and three additional mortises along the verso indicate how this figure would have been attached to larger sculptural scenes. Faint traces of green, white, and red pigment are visible in some areas. Size: 15.25" W x 16.3" H (38.7 cm x 41.4 cm).
The introduction of Buddhism in China accounted for some of the most impressive examples of religious sculpture throughout the globe. T'ien lung Shan is a site located in the central Shanxi province of China where there is a group of Buddhist cave temples that date to the mid 6th century. The sculptures that were created for these temples were often sensual and expertly modeled like this example - quite characteristic of the Tang period - and the style featured a Chinese approach to the Buddha form that developed during the Gupta period (320 to 647) in India.
A T'ien Lung Shan type Bodhisattva (though more complete) sold at Christie's New York for $1,183,500 - Sale 1211 - Christie's New York, 26 March 2003 - Lot 148 - https://www.christies.com/lotfinder/Lot/a-rare-and-important-grey-limestone-torso-4069384-details.aspx
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection; ex-Joe Gerena Fine Arts, New York, USA, acquired in the 1990s; ex-Boris Mussienko collection, Upper Marlboro, Maryland, USA, acquired in the 1980s
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#140284
Condition
Original head and additional ornamentation on verso missing. Loss to left arm, minor nicks and abrasions to legs, base, body, and arm, with chipping and fading to original pigmentation, and light encrustations. Nice earthen deposits throughout as well as faint traces of original pigmentation in scattered areas.