East Africa, Horn of Africa, Ethiopia, ca. 19th century CE. A lengthy leather prayer scroll for healing created for the Christians of Ethiopia. Unfurling this scroll reveals a feast for the eyes as well as the soul. At the center is an archangel holding a cross-finialed sceptre and perhaps a scapular, flanked by two columns of black and red text written by a dabtara, an unordained priest who creates scrolls as physical wards against illness or evil forces brought forth by malevolent spirits. At the upper end of the composition is a roundel housing an animal holding a cross with two angelic visages looking up at it from the hemispheric forms below - all are surmounted by intertwining serpents. Other highlights of the painted composition include a tri-headed bird-like creature at the lower end and a face composed of several human visages in the register above. Adorning the field are meticulously delineated passages of abstract geometric and floral motifs. A fine example of a religious healing scroll from Ethiopia! Size: 9.75" W x 30" H (24.8 cm x 76.2 cm)
Ethiopia can lay a claim to being one of the oldest Christian countries, and they practice a distinctive form of the religion, embodied in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, which has a large and diverse Biblical canon. The Metropolitan Museum of Art has several Ethiopian healing scrolls in their collection (accession numbers 2012.5, 2011.377, and 95.66). According to the Metropolitan Museum of Art Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History essay written by Kristen Windmuller-Luna (Department of Art and Archaeology, Princeton University), "Ethiopian healing scrolls eliminate illness by purging evil spirits and demons from a sick person. Part of a larger healing ritual, the scrolls were commissioned by the illiterate to combat grave illnesses. While plant and animal medicines alleviate physical symptoms, the medicinal scrolls alleviate spiritual symptoms. A pan-religious phenomenon practiced among Jews, Christians, and Muslims in the northern regions of Amhara and Tigray, the scrolls restore health by utilizing written words and talismanic images imbued with magical protective powers."
Provenance: private Ventura County, California, USA collection, acquired in the 1980s to 1990s
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#139369
Condition
Very nice condition with bright colors. Craquelure and some small areas of pigment loss, but motifs are very well preserved, as is leather.