North America, USA, probably owned by a Native American, ca. 1860 to 1870s CE. A historically used example of a Drop Breech Rimfire Rifle, made by Allen & Wheelock, Ethan Allen Co. Only 1500-2000 of these rifles were ever produced. It is accompanied by a leather ammunition belt containing multiple bullets. This style of rifle saw limited service in the American Civil War, acquired through private purchase by soldiers and not as standard-issue equipment. The rifle could be purchased chambered for a variety of rimfire-based cartridges including .22, .41, .42 and .44 calibers. Production came out of the Allen & Wheelock facility at Worcester, Massachusetts. This particular rifle exhibits Native American modifications and adornment with superfluous hardware removed and brass tacks added, as discussed below. Gun is: 40.75" L (103.5 cm); ammo belt is: 36" L (91.4 cm)
Native Americans acquired rifles like this one through trade, raids, or as the spoils of warfare - they were expensive items, especially when new, and generally were not purchased directly. The earliest accounts of firearm possession by Native Americans dates to the 1750s, when French traders in New Mexico record a roaring trade in flintlocks for horses between themselves and members of the Wichita and Comanche tribes. Lewis and Clark encountered Native Americans throughout the West with firearms. Long arms like this rifle became popular in the 19th century, but Native Americans modified them for use on horseback - as we see here, removing the metal butt plate (which could burn their shoulders when heated by the sun - they often did not wear shirts, unlike American troops) and adding brass tacks both as decoration and to hold together the weathered wood.
Provenance: private Glorieta, New Mexico, USA collection
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#149925
Condition
The wooden components of the gun are weathered with some cracks along the butt. Many components were stripped by one of the gun's 19th century owners as discussed above. The ammunition belt has excellent patina on the leather and wear commensurate with age.