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C. 3rd millennium BC. Ancient Central Asia, Indus Valley. A fine example of an Indus Valley civilisation jar, comprising a globular body which transitions into a gently tapering neck with a lightly flared rim. The upper portion of the body buff coloured vessel is decorated in three bands each which is delineatd from the rest by red stripes outlined in black above and below. The first two bands are decorated with simplistic black stylized gazelles. The third, and larges band features a pair of humped bulls, with long, curving horns, shown in profile. The bulls are separated by an elaborate vegetal motif and framed by geometric designs. The lower section is undecorated. The Indus Valley Civilisation was an important Bronze Age culture which arose in c. 3300 BC and lasted until c. 1300, though its heyday, to which this ceramic vessel belongs, was in the 3rd millennium BC. The bull, with its hump and powerful horns, is a recurring motif in the Indus Valley, appearing on painted pottery like this example but also on figurines and stamps. The animal may represent the leader of a herd, who is able to protect his followers, or it could be a reflection of the bull’s importance in religious sacrifice. Cf. N. Satyawadi, 1994. Proto-Historic Pottery of the Indus Valley Civilisation: Study of Painted Motifs, New Delhi. Excellent condition. Provenance: Property of a West London gentleman; previously in a collection formed on the UK/International art market in the 1970s. Size: H:160mm / W:130mm ; 500g