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C. 3rd millennium BC. Ancient Central Asia, Indus Valley. A fine example of an polychrome Indus Valley civilisation jar, comprising globular body and a small, slightly flared rim. The ochre coloured vessel is decorated with black motifs of two humped bulls, with long, curving horns, shown in profile. The bulls are separated vegetal motifs and framed by a series of geometric designs. The outermost limits of the vessel’s decorative scheme are delineated by black and red stripes and the bottom most portion of the jar is painted black. The Indus Valley Civilisation was an important Bronze Age culture which arose in c. 3300 BC and lasted until c. 1300, though its heyday, to which this ceramic vessel belongs, was in the 3rd millennium BC. The bull, with its hump and powerful horns, is a recurring motif in the Indus Valley, appearing on painted pottery like this example but also on figurines and stamps. The animal may represent the leader of a herd, who is able to protect his followers, or it could be a reflection of the bull’s importance in religious sacrifice. Cf. N. Satyawadi, 1994. Proto-Historic Pottery of the Indus Valley Civilisation: Study of Painted Motifs, New Delhi. Superb condition. Provenance: Property of a West London gentleman; previously in a collection formed on the UK/International art market in the 1970s. Size: H:190mm / W:260mm ; 1559g